• Special types of double displacement reactions that involve the reaction between an acid and base to form a salt and water.
• Heat is usually given off in neutralization reactions.
• A suspension of solid magnesium hydroxide in water is widely used as an antacid to neutralize excess stomach acid:
  Mg(OH)_{2 (s)} + 2HCl _(aq) MgCl_{2 (aq)} + 2H₂O _(s)
• acid + base salt + water

• Any reaction in which elements experience a change in oxidation number.
• S + O₂ SO₂
• In this reaction, sulfur and oxygen both have an oxidation number of zero before the reaction. After the reaction, sulfur is +4 and oxygen is -2.

• Aqueous reactions that involve the formation of a precipitate (solid).
• 2KI _(aq) + Pb(NO₃)_{2 (aq)} 2KNO_{3 (aq)} + PbI_{2 (s)}
• soluble compound + soluble compound insoluble compound

1. A hydrocarbon (a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen) combines with oxygen. The products of combustion are always carbon dioxide and water.
   • CH₄ + 2O₂ CO₂ + 2H₂O
   • hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
2. When metallic substances are burned in oxygen, the combustion reaction is also an oxidation-reduction reaction, an example of which is the rusting of iron.
   • 4Fe + 3O₂ 2Fe₂O₃

Homework Assignment 102:
This assignment must be turned in by the beginning of class tomorrow to receive credit.
Scoring criteria

Determine the reaction type for each of the following equations:
1. 2Fe + O₂ 2FeO  (chem lab 063)
2. 4Fe + 3O₂ 2Fe₂O₃
3. 2C₄H₁₀ + 13O₂ 8CO₂ + 10H₂O
4. Ca(OH)₂ + H₃PO₄ Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + H₂O
5. 2NaCl 2Na + Cl₂
6. 2Na + H₂O 2NaOH + H₂
7. N₂ + 3H₂ 2NH₃
8. HCl + FeS FeCl₂ + H₂S
9. Fe + CuSO₄ FeSO₄ + Cu
10. 2P + 3Cl₂ 2PCl₃
11. HCl + AgNO₃ HNO₃ + AgCl
12. C₇H₁₆ + 11O₂ 7CO₂ + 8H₂O
13. P₄O₁₀ + 6H₂O 4H₃PO₄
14. 3Fe + 4H₂O Fe₃O₄ + 4H₂
15. 2H₃PO₄ H₄P₂O₇ + H₂O
16. Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3Ca(OH)₂ 2Al(OH)₃ + 3CaSO₄
17. CaC₂ + 2H₂O C₂H₂ + Ca(OH)₂
18. Fe₂O₃ + 3C 3CO + 2Fe
19. 2MgNH₄PO₄ Mg₂P₂O₇ + 2NH₃ + H₂O
20. 2As + 6NaOH 2Na₃AsO₃ + 3H₂
21. C₁₀H₁₆ + 8Cl₂ 10C + 16HCl
22. AgNO₃ + Cu CuNO₃ + Ag   (chem lab 154)

Day 3

Your knowledge of reaction types can be used to predict the products of a reaction if the reactants are known.

Test Your Concept Understanding: Complete the following reactions using words, not formulas: Magnesium plus oxygen yields Chlorine plus lithium iodide yields Aluminum plus lead (II) nitrate yields Calcium oxide plus hydrogen chloride yields Ammonium nitrite yields (hint: there are two products, one of which is water) Ammonium phosphate plus barium hydroxide yields Butane plus oxygen yields (hint: butane is a hydrocarbon) Hydrogen sulfate plus potassium hydroxide yields Copper plus silver nitrate yields Silver nitrate plus potassium chloride yields

Day 4

Practice Problems: Use these steps to write the correct formulas for the products in these reactions. Determine which type of reaction is represented. Write the products based on the reaction type. Check oxidation numbers to see that chemical formulas are correct. K + Br KClO3 C3H8 + O Al + FeO Al + O FeCl3 + NH4OH SiC + Cl SrBr2 + (NH4)2CO3 Au2O3 Ba(OH)2 + heat Now is the time to ask for individual help if you have questions. If you understand these problems, look ahead to this week's lab.

Chemistry Class

Practice problem answers:

1. KBr
2. KCl + O
3. CO₂ + H₂O
4. Al₂O₃ + Fe
5. Al₂O₃
6. Fe(OH)₃ + NH₄Cl
7. SiCl₄ + C
8. SrCO₃ + NH₄Br
9. Au + O
10. BaO + H₂O

Type of reaction answers:

1. synthesis
2. synthesis
3. combustion
4. double displacement
5. decomposition
6. single displacement
7. synthesis
8. double displacement
9. single displacement
10. synthesis
11. double displacement
12. combustion
13. synthesis
14. single displacement
15. decomposition
16. double displacement
17. double displacement
18. single displacement
19. decomposition
20. single displacement
21. single displacement
22. single displacement